ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) between patients with familial aggregation of obesity (FAO) and patients with sporadic obesity (SO) have not been elucidated. AIM: To explore the impact of SG on weight loss and the alleviation of obesity-related comorbidities in individuals with FAO. METHODS: A total of 193 patients with obesity who underwent SG were selected. Patients with FAO/SO were matched 1:1 by propensity score matching and were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of first-degree relatives with obesity (1SO vs 1FAO, 2SO vs 2FAO). The baseline characteristics, weight loss outcomes, prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities and incidence of major surgery-related complications were compared between groups. RESULTS: We defined FAO as the presence of two or more first-degree relatives with obesity. Patients with FAO did not initially show significant differences in baseline data, short-term postoperative weight loss, or obesity-related comorbidities when compared to patients with SO preoperatively. However, distinctions between the two groups became evident at the two-year mark, with statistically significant differences in both percentage of total weight loss (P = 0.006) and percentage of excess weight loss (P < 0.001). The FAO group exhibited weaker remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (P = 0.031), hyperlipidemia (P = 0.012), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (P = 0.003) as well as a lower incidence of acid reflux (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION: FAO patients is associated with decreased mid-to-long-term weight loss outcomes; the alleviation of T2DM, hyperlipidemia and NAFLD; and decreased incidence of acid reflux postoperatively.
Subject(s)
Gastrectomy , Weight Loss , Humans , Male , Female , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Gastrectomy/methods , Adult , Treatment Outcome , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/surgery , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Obesity/surgery , Obesity/diagnosis , Obesity/complications , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Propensity Score , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/surgery , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis , IncidenceABSTRACT
Quantitative analysis of the atmospheric effects on observations made by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) has been performed. The differences between observed brightness temperatures at the top of the atmosphere and at the bottom of the atmosphere were analyzed using a database of simulated observations, which were configured to replicate AMSR-E data. The differences between observed brightness temperatures at the top of the atmosphere and land surface-emitted brightness temperatures were also computed. Quantitative results show that the atmosphere has different effects on brightness temperatures in different AMSR-E channels. Atmospheric effects can be neglected at 6.925 and 10.65 GHz, when the standard deviation is less than 1 K. However, at other frequencies and polarizations, atmospheric effects on observations should not be neglected. An atmospheric correction algorithm was developed at 18.7 GHz vertical polarization, based on the classic split-window algorithm used in thermal remote sensing. Land surface emission can be estimated with RMSE = 0.99 K using the proposed method. Using the known land surface emissivity, Land Surface Temperature (LST) can be retrieved. The RMSE of retrieved LST is 1.17 K using the simulated data.
